Arterial hypertension and the kidney: The fatal duo of chronic noncommunicable diseases

Chronic noncommunicable diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Among them, cardiovascular diseases occupy first place in mortality and the main risk factor is hypertension, which is usually asymptomatic until the harmful effects manifest themselves. There is a strong relationship between hypertension and the kidney, since on the one hand hypertension is the major risk factor for the initiation and progression of kidney disease and at the same time hypertension is the result of kidney disease itself. In this review, different aspects of arterial hypertension were analyzed in a general way, such as prevalence, classification, etiology, heritability and relationship with chronic noncommunicable diseases and the importance of the kidney in the regulation of blood pressure; as well as renal disease and its relationship with hypertension and the deleterious consequences for health