Pathways of Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer

One of the most common and deadly cancers in the world, colorectal cancer (CRC) caused around 881,000 melanoma deaths in 2018. The third most frequent cause overall cancer-related death worldwide is colorectal cancer (CRC). A difficult issue related to chemotherapy is the subsequent adverse effects brought on by the toxicity of conventional medications. Location-specific/targeted distribution of chemotherapeutic medicines precisely to the afflicted site of something like the colon in a foreseeable and reliable way is obviously of concern. For many years, cancer sufferers' initial choices have been surgery and chemotherapy. The prognosis for CRC, particularly for those with metastatic tumours, has never been satisfactory. A recent optional strategy called targeted therapy has been effective in extending patients with CRC's overall survival. Following achievements with the anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) agent cetuximab and the anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab, new drugs that inhibit several important pathways and immune checkpoints are being developed at an unheard-of rate. The growing number of high-quality clinical trials is being used as a basis for updating guidelines worldwide regarding the recommended targeted medications. An overview of current CRC-targeted drugs and their underlying processes is given in this review, along with a discussion of their drawbacks and potential directions. Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Chemotherapeutic medicines, Bevacizumab, Cetuximab