Penerapan Prinsip Keberlanjutan: Strategi Negara Menurunkan Emisi Karbon?

As one of Indonesia's leading commodities, the trend of palm oil exports is always increasing. Even so, this commodity is often subject to global market discrimination which is manifested through regulations and policies of countries consuming palm oil commodities, such as the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) and the proposal for Regulation on deforestation-free products. The Indonesian government has filed a lawsuit against this regulation, but the WTO dispute resolution mechanism is still considered unable to resolve the problem, especially the reason that consumer countries think that Indonesian palm oil can reduce its post-2020 emission reduction commitments under the Paris Agreement through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which needs to be fulfilled in 2030. On the other hand, the Government of Indonesia still needs to improve the governance of Indonesian palm oil in order to increase the acceptance of this commodity in the global eyes. This study aims to find a middle ground for commitments to reduce emissions from consumer countries and improve Indonesian palm oil governance through the acceptability of the palm oil market which is realized through free trade agreements. The formation of a trade agreement by including a clause on sustainability can be one solution to reconcile the acceptance of the palm oil market and global climate change commitments.Sebagai salah satu komoditas unggulan Indonesia, tren ekspor minyak sawit selalu meningkat. Meskipun begitu, komoditas ini, sering kali mendapatkan diskriminasi pasar global yang diwujudkan melalui peraturan dan kebijakan negara konsumen komoditas kelapa sawit, seperti Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) dan proposal Regulation on deforestation-free products. Pemerintah Indonesia telah melayangkan gugatan akan peraturan ini, namun mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa WTO masih dianggap belum mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan, terutama alasan negara konsumen yang menganggap bahwa kelapa sawit Indonesia dapat mengurangi komitmen penurunan emisi negara konsumen pasca 2020 di bawah Paris Agreement melalui Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) yang perlu dipenuhi di tahun 2030. Di sisi lain, Pemerintah Indonesia masih memerlukan perbaikan tata kelola kelapa sawit Indonesia agar keberterimaan akan komoditas ini meningkat di mata global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jalan tengah bagi komitmen penurunan emisi negara konsumen dan perbaikan tata kelola kelapa sawit Indonesia melalui keberterimaan pasar kelapa sawit yang diwujudkan melalui kesepakatan perdagangan bebas. Pembentukan kesepakatan perdagangan dengan memasukkan klausul mengenai keberlanjutan dapat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mempertemukan keberterimaan pasar kelapa sawit dan komitmen perubahan iklim global