The Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis Among Children and Adults in Kazakhstan

The accelerated pace of industry, science and technology development coincide with global environmental problems and health risks. Recent research has proven that environmental factors play a significant role in the development and exacerbation of many diseases, including allergic pathologies. Skin diseases occupy a special place among allergic disorders, while atopic dermatitis occupy a leading place among children’s skin diseases. Kazakhstan’s allergists, dermatologists and healthcare system give special attention to patients with atopic dermatitis. This is linked not only to the increase in the disease prevalence, secondary infection complications, processes of chronicity due to an uncontrolled use of topical hormonal drugs, but also to its impact on economic and social sphere. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifocal disease of various etiology. The treatment of this disease is mostly symptomatic or pathogenetic and is aimed at repairing skin barrier, preventing exposure to hazardous agents and reducing inflammatory processes. The numbers of patients with AD is higher in developed countries and is observed in 20% of minor patients. This is facilitated by global urbanization, excessive cleanliness during the early childhood stage, uncontrolled use of medication, including antibacterial drugs, reduction in breastfeeding duration. Our research on the basis of the Republican allergy center demonstrates the negative impact of global urbanization on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis Thus, the number of patients who applied from the urban (87%) is several times higher than the number of patients from the rural (17%). Interrelationships between the quality of life and AD occurrence is widely accepted. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG