An Analysis of State of Charge in Lithium-ion Batteries

FAA Technical Libraryhttps://doi.org/10.21949/15245062022PDFTech ReportKeslar, DanielUnited States. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. William J. Hughes Technical CenterUnited States. Federal Aviation Administration. Aircraft Certification Service Policy and Innovation DivisionUnited States. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. William J. Hughes Technical CenterUnited StatesLithium batteriesSensorsElectric batteriesAlgorithmsEstimatingHardware in the loop simulationThermal runwaystate of chargeDOT/FAA/TCTN-22/27In February 2022, a package containing 140 lithium-ion pouch cells caught fire on a conveyor belt in a sort facility of an all-cargo airline. One of the packages in the shipment was sent to the Federal Aviation Administration\u2019s (FAA) William J. Hughes Technical Center for hazard evaluation. Specialized cell analysis equipment was used to determine the state of charge (SOC) of the cells in the package. The measurements revealed that the cells were approximately at a 70% SOC, exceeding the maximum allowable shipping limit of a 30% SOC for the transport of cells and batteries classified as \u201cUN3480, Lithium-ion batteries (including lithium-ion polymer batteries)\u201d.143