The Staring Mode Properties and Performance of Geo-SAR Satellite with Reflector Antenna

Geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (Geo-SAR) with a short revisit time can obtain wide-area images. This paper advances a new two-dimensional pitch and roll squint controlling (2D-PRSC) method that can make satellites continuously stare at any scene in the whole orbital period. The maximum attitude steering angle is less than ±7.6 degrees, and the attitude controlling time can be greatly shortened compared with the yaw steering method. Furthermore, a Geo-SAR staring mode model is illustrated and compared with that of low earth orbital SAR (Leo-SAR). Finally, Geo-SAR’s ambiguity property is discussed. The simulation results illuminate that the cross-term ambiguity to signal ratio (CASR) also needs to be considered in addition to the azimuth and range ambiguity to signal ratio (AASR, RASR), and the whole orbital ergodic analysis should be carried out. To ensure that RASR, AASR, and CASR meet the requirement of −20 dB, it is necessary to select an appropriate PRF in the range of a few hundred Hertz