Parametric optimization MRR and surface roughness in wire electro discharge machining (WEDM) of D2 steel using Taguchi based utility approach

Abstract: This paper reports the effect of process parameters on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) in wire electro discharge machining of AISI D2 steel. The experiments were performed by different cutting conditions of pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), servo voltage (SV) and wire feed (WF) by keeping workpiece thickness constant. Taguchi L27 orthogonal array of experimental design is employed to conduct the experiments. Multi-objective optimization was performed using Taguchi based utility approach to optimize MRR and Ra. Analysis of means and variance on to signal to noise ratio was performed for determining the optimal parameters. It reveals that the combination of Ton3, Toff1, SV1, WF2 parameter levels is beneficial for maximizing the MRR and minimizing the Ra simultaneously. The results indicated that the pulse on time is the most significant parameter affects the MRR and Ra. The melted droplets, solidified debris around the craters, cracks, and blow holes were observed on the machined surface for a higher pulse on time and lower servo voltage. Recast layer thickness increased from an increase in pulse on time duration. The machined surface hardness of D2 steel is increased due to the repetitive quenching effect and formation oxides on the machined surface