New perspectives into art therapy approaches for clients with Alzheimer's disease, informed by neuroscience findings related to implicit memory rocesses. A theoretical study

The focus of this study is on how research on implicit memory preserved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can inform art therapy approaches for this population, and on the possibility of art therapy to use and stimulate implicit processes that are still available in this neuropathology. Therefore, this paper connects findings about implicit brain processes in AD, about types of brain stimulation during art-making process, and research data from art therapy for clients with AD. The theoretical methodology based on literature review was an appropriate tool to explore this topic. Available implicit memory processes in AD – related to sensory processes, emotions, perceptual and procedural memory, implicit associative processes, and attention – were found to play a consistent role in art therapy for those suffering of AD. The comparison led to findings that, besides clients’ changes in artistic expression due to cognitive loss in AD, art therapy can rely on implicit processes and has a great potential in offering multisensory and motor-sensory stimulation, enhancing attention and associative functions, regulating emotions, reducing anxiety, stimulating skill learning, and improving the overall well-being. This study could offer a background of understanding on how art therapy is using implicit brain processes and could provide directions for future research