Observations on development and anomalies in the appendicular skeleton of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L. 1758) larvae and juveniles

The development of the fin skeleton has been studied in both the wild and hatchery sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., larvae, in order to identify and define morphofunctional criteria for larval quality assessments. The cartilaginous and bony skeletal elements of the larvae were studied and standard length and notochord flexure recorded. Fin anomalies were present in reared larvae, whereas they were rare or absent in specimens from the wild. These anomalies were recognizable from the very beginning of skeletal development, indicating that environmental, genetic and broodstock management factors influence even the very early stages of larval development