Cross-sector storage and modeling needed for deep decarbonization

As many researchers work to achieve a decarbonized grid, there is a general appreciation that we need to model the total energy system, but that doing so is difficult, if not impractical. Studies may focus on one piece of the grid and reach a conclusion whether a particular approach will or won’t work. Including cross-sector storage in modeling provides opportunities to enable solutions that are otherwise impossible to identify and that may become the key to reaching a lowest-cost, lowest-carbon energy system