Procjena genotoksičnosti i citotoksičnosti dentalnih implantata na gingivnim epitelnim stanicama

Objectives: Although titanium-based implants are considered bioinert, it has been found that they are subject to corrosion and wear. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of two implant systems in gingival epithelial cells. Material and methods: Gingival swabs were taken three times from 91 subjects. The first swab was taken before dental implant placement, the second swab 90 days after dental implant placement and the third swab 21 days following the healing abutment placement. DNA damage was analyzed using the micronucleus test. Tested dental implants with corresponding healing abutments were Ankylos and Dentium SuperLine. Results: Of all scored forms of cytogenetic damage in gingival cells of individuals after implementation of tested dental implant systems, only an increase in the number of binucleated cells (P ≤ 0.001) was significant in contrast to control values for both tested implant systems, 90 days after dental implant placement and 21 days following the healing abutment placement. Conclusion: It may be concluded that there are no titanium-based implant dependent cytogenetic damage in gingival epithelial cells. A slight increase in cytogenetic damage has been observed but it is of no biological relevance and might be associated with healing abutment induced effect.Cilj istraživanja: Iako se titanijevi dentalni implantati smatraju bioinertnima, potvrđeno je da su podložni koroziji i trošenju. Cilj ovog istraživanja jest procjena citotoksičnoga i genotoksičnoga potencijala dviju vrsta implantoloških sustava na gingivnim epitelnim stanicama. Materijal i metode: Uzorci oljuštenih gingivnih stanica uzeti su od 91 ispitanika u trima razdobljima. Prvi bris uzet je prije postavljanja implantata, drugi 90 dana poslije njegove ugradnje, a treći 21 dan poslije postavljanja nadogradnje za oblikovanje gingive, tj. gingivnoga formera. Oštećenje DNK procijenjeno o je mikronukleusnim testom. Ispitivani dentalni implantati s gingivnim formerima bili su Ankylos i Dentium SuperLine. Rezultati: Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da se poslije postavljanja obiju vrsta ispitivanih dentalnih implantata (Ankylos i Dentium) znatno povećava broj binuklearnih stanica (P ≤ 0,001) u odnosu prema početnim vrijednostima i to 90 dana poslije postavljanja implantata i 21 dan poslije postavljanja gingivnoga formera. Zaključak: Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da titanijevi dentalni implantati nakon postavljanja ne izazivaju citotoksične i genotoksične učinke na gingivnim stanicama. Uočeni blagi učinci ne mogu se smatrati biološki relevantnima