GIS analysis of accessibility of urban facilities and functions in Šibenik

Temeljni cilj istraživanja bio je ustanoviti glavne značajke prostorne distribucije i dostupnosti (za svakodnevni život i funkcioniranje stanovništva) najvažnijih urbanih sadržaja i funkcija u Šibeniku, odnosno objasniti njezine uzročno – posljedične veze sa kvalitetom života i prostornom mobilnošću, i to u svjetlu suvremenih, humanijih praksi planiranja i oblikovanja urbanog prostora. U analizu je bilo uključeno ukupno 13 vrsta urbanih sadržaja i funkcija klasificiranih u osam skupina (odgojno – obrazovni, poslovno – financijski, prometni, religijski, sportsko – rekreacijski, trgovačko – opskrbni, uslužno – ugostiteljski i zdravstveni). Objektivna analiza fenomena na razini naselja i 16 gradskih četvrti provedena je u GIS okruženju kroz prizmu pješačkog prometa, i to na dva načina: u „teoretskim“ uvjetima kretanja izotropnim prostorom (alatima za mjerenje euklidske dostupnosti) i u „stvarnim“ uvjetima kretanja prometnom mrežom uvažavanjem modificirajućeg utjecaja u mnogočemu specifične urbane sredine (alatima za mjerenje mrežne dostupnosti). Rezultati istraživanja uvelike odgovaraju suvremenim socioekonomskim trendovima i uvriježenim spoznajama o slabljenju funkcionalne opremljenosti i mogućnosti zadovoljenja osnovnih životnih potreba na relaciji centar – periferija, zbog čega mogu poslužiti kao vrijedan izvor informacija u daljnjem donošenju strategija i planova razvoja gradskih susjedstava po mjeri čovjeka.The main goal of the research was to determine the main features of the spatial distribution and accessibility of (for the daily life and functioning of the population) the most important urban facilities and functions in Šibenik, i.e. to explain its causeandeffect relationships with quality of life and spatial mobility, in the light of modern, more humane practices of planning and shaping of the urban space. The analysis comprised a total of 13 types of urban facilities and functions classified into eight groups (educational, business – financial, transport, religious, sports – recreational, commercial – supply, service – hospitality and health). An objective analysis of the phenomenon at the level of settlement and 16 city districts was carried out in a GIS environment through the prism of pedestrian traffic, in two ways: in "theoretical" conditions of movement through isotropic space (with tools for measurement of the euclidean accessibility) and in "real" conditions of movement through the traffic network, taking into account the modifying influence of the largely specific urban environment (with tools for measurement of the network accessibility). The results of the research largely correspond to contemporary socioeconomic trends and established knowledge about the weakening of functional equipment and the ability to satisfy basic life needs on the center – periphery relation, which is why they can serve as a valuable source of information in further enactment of strategies and plans for development of urban neighborhoods on a human scale