Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS for Calculating Shoreline Change in Rokan Estuary

This paper presents an application of satellite remote sensing techniques to detect and to analyze the spatial changes as well as quantify the shoreline change in Rokan estuary, Riau Province, Indonesia. Coastal zone of Rokan estuary, a place through which Rokan River flows into Malacca Strait is dynamically changed because of the hydrodynamic nature and high sediment transport in downstream of Rokan River. By integrating modern techniques of remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System), the rates of shoreline change would be easily and quickly determined for a regional area. Landsat satellite images were used with a combination of histogram thresholding and band ratio method for shoreline change detection for last 14 years from 2000 to 2014. The shoreline data then were adjusted for serving as an input for GIS tool to estimate the erosion and deposition rates. The statistical method called as LRR (Linear Regression Rate) in DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) was used in this study. The results of this study present shoreline changes map of Rokan estuary for last 14 years. Quantitatively, the shoreline of Rokan estuary is dynamically changed over a time because accretion rate is very high. The accretion rates in Halang, Barkey, and Serusai Island within 14 years are 67 m/yr, 53 m/yr, and 114 m/yr respectively.This occurs becaus