The legal status of animals in family and intheritance law

Obstaja velika verjetnost, da bodo živali kot čuteča bitja v prihodnosti v središču sodne prakse v okviru postopkov razvez zakonskih zvez in dedovanj in ne le kot objekt, zoper katerega storilci izvršujejo kazniva dejanja. Ker sodne prakse na teh dveh področjih skorajda nimamo, lahko pravne rešitve izpeljemo iz obstoječe pravne teorije. Ob razvezi zakonske zveze se lahko zakonca sporazumeta o skrbi za žival smiselno enako kot za otroka v okviru pogodbe o ureditvi premoženjskih razmerij. Težava nastopi, ko tega sporazuma med zakoncema ni, žival pa se nahaja v okviru njunega skupnega premoženja, ki ga je treba na podlagi zakonitega premoženjskega režima fizično ali pravno razdeliti. Na drugi strani, se lahko žival pojavi kot predmet dedovanja. Žival ne more biti zapustnik in ne dedič. V slovenskem pravnem redu obstajajo številni dedno-pravni instituti, v tujih pravnih redih pa skrbniški sklad, ki so pravni mehanizmi razpolaganja s premoženjem zapustnika, v korist živali, ki jo zapusti po svoji smrti.There is a high probability that in the future, animals as sentient beings will be at the center of judical pratice in the context of divorce and ineritance proceedings, and not only as an object against which perpretrators commit criminal acts. Since we have almost no case law in these two areas, we can derive legal solutions from existing legal theory. Upon divorce, the spouses can agree on the care of the animal in the same sense as for the child within the framework of the agreement on the regulation of property relations. The problem arises, when there is no such agreement between the spouses, and the animal is part of their joint property, which must be physically or legally divided based on the legal property regime. On the other hand, an animal can appear as an object of inheritance. An animal cannot be a decedent and not an heir. In the Slovenian legal order, there are many inheritance-legal institutes, and in foreign legal orders, a trust fund, which is a legal mechanism for disposing of the decedent\u27s property, for the benefit of the animal, he leaves after his death