Limitations on obtaining digital evidence

Digitalni dokazi so postali pomembno dokazno sredstvo v kazenskih postopkih. So nepogrešljiv del dokazovanja novih in starih oblik kaznivih dejanj. To je posledica informacijskega in tehnološkega napredka, ki je prinesel digitalizacijo na vsa področja življenja. S hitrim in širokim informacijsko-tehnološkim napredkom se večajo tudi različne omejitve pri pridobivanju, analizi in uporabi digitalnih dokazov. V diplomski nalogi so predstavljeni digitalni dokazi, pogoji za njihovo uporabo pred sodišči in načini pridobivanja po slovenskem pravnem redu. Predstavljena je digitalna forenzika, ki je osnova za pridobivanje digitalnih dokazov. Opravljena je raziskava omejitev, ki se danes pojavljajo pri pridobivanju digitalnih dokazov. S tem je predstavljen tudi časovni razvoj digitalne forenzike. Cilj diplomske naloge je odgovor na vprašanje, ali se zaradi vse več omejitev pridobi manj digitalnih dokazov. Pred časom so omejitev pri pridobivanju digitalnih dokazov predstavljale klasične protiforenzične tehnike, ki so se večinoma uporabljale namensko. Danes je teh omejitev in razlogov zanje več. Kibernetski prostor daje storilcem možnost delovanja od kjerkoli po svetu. Naprave in storitve uporabljajo dobre varnostne mehanizme zaščite podatkov. Njihova raznovrstnost zahteva vse širše znanje preiskovalcev, številčnost in količina podatkov pa zmanjšujeta učinkovitost le-teh. Zakonodaja se spremembam prilagaja počasi. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se danes najde več digitalnih dokazov, vendar pa se zaradi omejitev manjša učinkovitost najdbe le-teh. V prihodnosti bo treba več vlagati v človeške vire, njihovo znanje in usposobljenost ter hitreje prilagajati zakonodajo nenehnim spremembam in novostim.Digital evidence has become an important part of criminal proceedings. They are an indispensable part of proving new and old forms of crime. This is due to the information and technological advances that digitalization has brought to all areas of life. With rapid and wide-ranging information technology advances, various limitations in the acquisition, analysis, and use of digital evidence are also increasing. The diploma thesis presents digital evidence, the conditions for their use before the courts and the methods of obtaining it according to Slovenian law. Digital forensics, which is the basis for obtaining digital evidence, is presented. A study of the limitations that arise today in obtaining digital evidence has been conducted. This also presents the time development of digital forensics. The aim of the diploma thesis was to answer the question of whether less digital evidence is obtained due to more and more limitations. Some time ago, the restriction on obtaining digital evidence was represented by classical anti-forensic techniques, which were mostly used purposefully. Today, there are several such restrictions and reasons for them. Cyberspace gives perpetrators the ability to operate from anywhere in the world. Devices and services use good data protection security mechanisms. Their diversity requires wider knowledge of investigators, their numbers and amount of data reduces effectiveness. Legislation is adapting to change slowly. It has been found that more digital evidence is found today, but the limitations make it less effective to find it. In the future, it will be necessary to invest more in human resources, their knowledge and skills, and to adapt legislation more quickly to adress constant changes and innovations