Trade-Cycle Oscillations: The Kaldor Model and the Keynesian Hansen-Samuelson Principle of Acceleration and Multiplier

In this chapter, in Sect. 12.1 we provide a sketch of the Keynesian multiplier and the multiplier–accelerator model by Hansen and Samuelson. The description of the Kaldor model (Sect. 12.2) is introduced by the related literature (Sect. 12.2.1). As Kaldor described his model only qualitatively, the equations used for explaining the model have been formalized by the related literature