SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSPORT

V magistrskem delu je bilo obdelano področje trajnostnega razvoja v povezavi s prometom. V prvem delu tega magistrskega dela je bil predstavljen vpliv prometa na okolje. Utemeljila sem, kako posamezni prometni načini onesnažujejo zrak, vodo in prst. Poglavje o onesnaževanju zraka govori o rabi končne energije v prometu ter o vplivu cestnega, železniškega, pomorskega in letalskega prometa na kakovost zraka. Poglavje o onesnaževanju vode opisuje različne vire onesnaževanja morja, v poglavju o onesnaževanju prsti pa so predstavljeni viri onesnaževanja tal. V drugem delu tega magistrskega dela je bil predstavljen nastanek koncepta trajnostnega razvoja, kjer sem podrobneje preučila trajnostni promet ter izzive pri načrtovanju trajnostnega prometa, še posebej v mestih. V nadaljevanju je bila predstavljena prometna politika EU in prometna politika Slovenije ter opredeljen pomen vrednotenja napredka pri trajnostnem prometu. Tema se je nato dotaknila tudi uporabe alternativnih goriv ter e-mobilnosti v mestih. Omembe so bili vredni tudi javni prevoz in nemotorizirani načini prevoza v mestih ob uporabi naprednih digitalnih tehnologij. Zgolj s pomočjo tehnologije zaenkrat še ni mogoče reševati vseh obstoječih težav v prometu, čeprav se temu čedalje bolj približujemo. Trenutno še ne poznamo razsežnosti tistih težav, ki jih bodo v prihodnosti pridelale obstoječe tehnologije, ki se zdaj vpeljujejo v prometu in so v sedanjosti portretirane kot rešitve. Pri e-mobilnosti se nekatere slabosti že kažejo v praksi, kot na primer negativni učinki električnih vozil na okolje zaradi odpadnih akumulatorjev ali negativni učinki na ranljivejše skupine ljudi, predvsem v mestnih jedrih. Spremljanje in vrednotenje napredka pri trajnostnem prometu je zelo pomembno, saj se tako lažje identificirajo vrzeli in pomanjkljivosti v praksi. Šele takrat, ko se nečesa zavedamo, lahko kaj storimo in s tem izboljšamo delovanje sistema. Odgovor glede trajnostne mobilnosti leži v ravnovesju med prilagodljivostjo ljudi in uporabo tehnologije. Poleg sprememb navad ljudi pa brez politike, ki podpira trajnostni prometni sistem in sodobne načine upravljanja prometa, trajnostni promet ni mogoč.The master\u27s thesis processed the field of sustainable development in conjunction with transport. In the first part of this master\u27s thesis, the impact of transport on the environment was presented. I substantiated how different traffic modes pollute the air, water and soil. The chapter on air pollution deals with the use of final energy in transport and the impact of road, rail, maritime and air transport on air quality. The chapter on water pollution describes various sources of marine pollution. In the chapter on soil pollution, the sources of soil pollution are presented. The second part of this master\u27s thesis presented the development of the concept of sustainable development, where I examined in more detail sustainable transport and the challenge of planning sustainable transport, especially in cities. The EU transport policy and the transport policy of Slovenia were presented and the importance of evaluating progress in sustainable transport was defined. The topic also touched on the use of alternative fuels and e mobility in cities. Also worth mentioning were public transport and not motorized modes of transport in cities using advanced digital technologies. During my research, I came to the conclusion that it is not yet possible to solve all the existing traffic problems with the help of technology alone, although we are getting closer and closer to this. We do not yet know the extent of the problems that current existing technologies will produce in the future, which they are now introducing in transport and which are currently portrayed as solutions. In the case of e-mobility, some weaknesses are already apparent in practice, such as the negative effects of electric vehicles on the environment due to waste batteries or the negative effects on more vulnerable groups of people, especially in urban centers. Monitoring and evaluating progress in sustainable transport is very important, as it makes it easier to identify gaps and shortcomings in practice. Only when we are aware of something we can do something and thus improve the functioning of the system. The answer to sustainable mobility lies in the balance between people\u27s adaptability and the use of technology. However, in addition to changing people\u27s habits, sustainable transport is not possible without a policy that supports a sustainable transport system and modern ways of managing transport