Effects of microbiota composition on emergence of depressions and behavioural disorders in animals

The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on the influence of gut microbiota composition on behavioural disorders in selected mammals and birds. Current research focuses on the influence of gut microbiota on the development of mental illnesses in humans and the potential therapeutic use of manipulating its composition. This paper briefly summarizes the main mechanisms of microbiota influence on the development of mental illnesses. The gut microbiota may also influence the development of behavioural disorders in animals. The literature suggests that changes in gut microbiota composition in humans with mental illnesses and animals with behavioural disorders share some similarities. In general, they are related mainly to a reduced abundance of selected genera of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria and an increased abundance of gram-negative bacteria. The exceptions are destructive behavioural disorders in animals, which are associated with increased abundance of the Clostridia class and decreased abundance of the Lactobacillus genus. To prevent their development under stress, the thesis proposes the probiotic use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. To manipulate the composition of the gut microbiota in the treatment of depressive disorders in humans, the administration of probiotics,..