Evaluation of antisperm antibodies (ASA) in diagnostics of idiopathic infertility

Infertility is a problem affecting almost 15% of couples. It can be caused by genetic, hormonal, anatomical or infectious problems, and it can also be caused by an immunological factor. One of the immunological causes of infertility is the presence of anti-sperm antibodies (ASA), which bind to sperm and adversely affect their function. The occurrence of ASA is manifested, for example, by reduced sperm motility, agglutination, and impaired sperm capacitation. Alternatively, ASA reduces the sperm ability to pass through the female urogenital tract, negatively affecting the sperm-oocyte interaction and the development of the embryo. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to compare existing methods for ASA determination. The main parameters were the complexity of the method and the assessment of results according to clinical studies focused on the detection and evaluation of ASA. The exact comparison of ASA detection methods based on the performed studies proved to be complicated, mainly due to the development of individual methods over time, different approaches to the evaluation of results, and low standardization of the methods. However, the most commonly recommended methods are MAR, ELISA and IBT tests, which are standardized and, due to commercially available kits, are considered to be easy to..