Preparation of mutated forms of protein B7-H6

NK cells are an essential part of the immune system. They are the so-called natural killers and carry several receptors on their surface. Two types of receptors are crucial for immune surveillance, according to their function, called inhibitory and activating. Inhibitory receptors provide auto-tolerance. The second type is activating receptors, whose activation signals toward initiating a cytotoxic response or involving other immune system components (e.g., macrophages). The activating receptor NKp30 (also known as NCR3 or CD337) is a protein of the Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors (NCR) family. It is one of the primary human NK cell activating receptors with potential use in targeted anticancer therapy. NKp30 has an activating ligand protein B7-H6, which is not found on the surface of healthy cells. It is exclusively found on highly stressed cells, e.g., infected or malignantly transformed cells. If a malignantly transformed cell carries B7-H6 on its surface, in most cases, it is recognized and eliminated almost at its formation. Not all tumour cells are B7-H6 positive, so it is possible to visualize them to the immune system through surface decoration with B7- H6. Moreover, such a ligand can be modified to amplify the immune response. This work is based on Pekar L. et al. (2020) publication, which..