Посттравматичне письмо і риторика відсутності: Бруно Шульц – Жорж Перек – Джонатан Фоєр

The article deals with a phenomenon of textualization of trauma and analyzes the post-traumatic writing in the works by Bruno Shultz, Geoges Perec and Jonathan Safran Foer. In particular, it explores the rhetoric of Bruno Shulz’s writing as well as re-textualization and thematization of memory in the works of the next generation of Jewish authors. The rhetoric of writing is analyzed in the aspect of post-traumatic writing and post-memory as one of the actual trends of contemporary cultural studies. Kabbalah myth that refers to the idea of Holy Book is taken as a pretext for thematization of trauma in the works of the author from Drohobych. In particular, his story “Street of Crocodiles” inscribes traces of ‘emptiness’, ‘white spots’ and splits of the modern world and rhetorically marks a figure of the author’s absence (D. Goldfarb) in Schultz’s writing. The figure of absence refers both to the tragic death of Schulz in 1943 and to the post-Second World War literature on the Holocaust. Using the idea of a double response to trauma, the researcher proposes to consider phenomenon of post-traumatic writing as an analogue to post-memory (the “oscillation between continuation and splitting” in term of M. Hirsch) in the works of the next generation of Jewish writers, in particular the descendants of victims of the Holocaust and migration trauma. Such an intertext is considered through the references to topoi of memory in the works by French writer Georges Perec and American writer Jonathan Foer. The main attention is paid to the analysis of post-traumatic narration form in Perec’s novel “W, or Memorial Childhood” (1975) and of intermediality in Foer’s “The Tree of Codes” (2010).У  статті  аналізується  феномен  текстуалізації  травми  і  зразки  посттравматичного  письма в доробку Б. Шульца, Ж. Перека та Дж. Фоера. Зокрема досліджено риторику письма Бруно Шульца,  а  також  текстуальне  втілення  пам’яті  у  творах  наступних  генерацій  єврейських письменників на тему Голокосту. Риторика пам’яті аналізується в аспекті посттравматичного письма й постпам’яті як одного з актуальних напрямків сучасних культурних студій. Значну увагу приділено аналізу форм посттравматичної нарації в романі “W, або Спомини дитинства” (1975) Ж. Перека і формам інтермедіальності у книзі Дж. Фоера “Дерево кодів” (2010)