This article presents a critical analysis of insurance fraud with a legal comparative perspective. In the author’s opinion, it is beyond doubt that the Polish solution needs change. Nonetheless, the scope of this change may vary. A look at this type of prohibited act regulated in foreign legal systems may be helpful in formulating conclusions for the Polish law as it stands and proposals for the law as it should stand. Considering the above, part one of this article focuses on the legal-dogmatic analysis of the crime under Article 298 § 1 of the Polish Penal Code, and its counterparts in the subsidiary model (i.e., in Germany, Austria and Finland). A detailed study precedes the process of modelling the liability for the commission of an ins...