Różnorodność zgrupowań ptaków w Wyhrajiwśkich Daczach w gradiencie transformacji rekreacyjnej lasu

The material was collected in June 2020 in the forest-steppe zone. A total of 42 species of nesting birds have been identifi ed. Their relative abundance averaged 2.1±0.42 pairs/km. 34 species (2.8±0.53) nest in the reserve, 19 (3.4±0.70) in the forest not protected by the conservation status, 21 (7.7±0.88) in the camping area, recreation centre – 33 species (5.5±0.62 pairs/km). All dominants of communities are hemisinanthropes: Fringilla сoelebs, Turdus merula, Phylloscopus collybita, Passer montanus. On the gradient of recreational transformation, the synanthropization index of bird communities and the relative abundance of synanthropes increase. The main factor in the formation of α- and β-diversity of bird communities is the regulation of human activity. The living conditions associated with the culture of human behaviour and the protection of the territory at the recreation centre increase the diversity of nesting stations of birds (nests in buildings and in nest boxes), ensuring protection of birds from ruining nests. There is a redistribution of nesting species in favour of protected forest areas, an increase in the α-diversity of their communities, which results in the similarity of the bird communities of the reserve with the community of the recreation centre, but not with the community of forestry sites