Spray ILGAR indium sulfide buffers for Cu In,Ga S,Se 2 solar cells

Thin film indium sulfide buffer layers have been prepared using the Spray ILGAR technique for use in chalcopyrite solar cells. Buffers deposited on commercially grown Cu In,Ga S,Se 2 absorbers have produced cells reaching a certified efficiency of 14.7 and average efficiencies matching the reference solar cells prepared with a conventional cadmium sulfide buffer layer. The process parameters have been optimized and the resulting cells have been studied using current voltage and temperature illumination dependent current voltage analysis as well as quantum efficiency measurement