Place of women’s rights in supranation-building: comparison of socialist Yugoslavia and the European Union

IN ENGLISH: In both Socialist Yugoslavia and the European Union, the establishment of‎ women’s rights can be determined as an integral part of supranation-building.‎ While bearing in mind the long and unbroken tradition of patriarchy, both entities,‎ partially under the influence of feminist theory and practice, have integrated ‎the fight for women’s rights into their political agendas, using them as ‎an identity tool in establishing a clear distinction from the opposed political,‎ economic and socio-cultural systems. Imposed from the above, the introduction‎ of gender equality policies and legislation to many of their (nation) states‎ came as a shock therapy, challenging existing traditional cultural patterns and ‎norms while making the results uneven and fragile. Women’s rights policies ‎were, especially in the beginning, primarily economic in nature, concentrating ‎on the inadequate position of women in the labor market and ignoring the‎ structural reasons behind inequality.‎ --------------- IN CROATIAN: Kako u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji tako i u Europskoj uniji, uspostava‎ ženskih prava može se odrediti sastavnim dijelom nadnacionalne izgradnje.‎ Imajući na umu dugu i neprekinutu tradiciju patrijarhata, oba entiteta,‎ djelomice pod utjecajem feminističke teorije i prakse, integrirali su ‎borbu za prava žena u svoje političke programe, koristeći ih kao ‎identitetski alat u uspostavljanju jasne razlike s obzirom na suprotstavljene političke,‎ ekonomske i socio-kulturne sustave. Nametnuto odozgo, uvođenje politike ravnopravnosti spolova i pratećeg zakonodavstva za mnoge njihove (nacionalne) države predstavljalo je šok terapiju, dovodeći u pitanje postojeće tradicionalne kulturne obrasce i norme, dok je rezultate činilo neujednačenima i krhkima. Politike ženskih prava ‎bile su, osobito u početku, primarno ekonomske prirode, koncentrirane ‎na neadekvatan položaj žena na tržištu rada te ignorirajući‎ strukturne razloge iza nejednakosti‎