Performance Improvement of Plug-and-Play Dual-Phase-Modulated Quantum Key Distribution by Using a Noiseless Amplifier

We show that the successful use of a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA) can help increase the maximum transmission distance and tolerate more excess noise of the plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution. In particular, an equivalent entanglement-based scheme model is proposed to analyze the security, and the secure bound is derived with the presence of a Gaussian noisy and lossy channel. The analysis shows that the performance of the NLA-based protocol can be further improved by adjusting the effective parameters