Long term analysis after rhinoplasty in a series of 214

Objective: To assess secondary nose defects incidence.Methods: We performed a clinical analysis focusing on residualdefects of 643 patients who previously underwent to rhinoplasticprocedures. Among these, 568 cases had secondary rhinoplasty,65 tertiary rhinoplasty and 4 had four procedures. 123 got surgeryafter nasal trauma, 96 had previous orthognatic surgery.Results: We reported 3.27% of nasal pyramid asymmetry andright deviation in 13 cases 6.07% versus left deviation in 5.6%.The dorsal hump was in 10.2%, and right dorsal nose concavityin 5.6% versus left in 6.07%. Nose base was fine in 12.6%,thicker in 5.6%. Nasal tip was boxy in 0.93%, bulbous in 16.35%,sovratip was in 12.6%, polly beak in 5.14%, asymmetry such aspinched tip 1.40%. A double dome was seen in 1.86%. In 8.87%the columella was self-evident such as hidden, with deviationon right in 2.8% and on left in 1.40%. The nostrils were rightasymmetric in 5.14% and left in 6.54%, a sagittal direction in3.73%. The nasal ala appeared proximal bilaterally in 0.93% andunilateral on left in 1.86%, while appeared distal bilaterally in0.93%. The nasal valve showed collapse on right side in 13.55%and on left in 12.15%, among these 10.74% had bilateral collapse.The nasal-labial angle was open in 13.55%, closed in 7%. Scarswere noticeable in 3.73% and nasal cartilage was observable in0.46%.Conclusion: Whatever the technique used, according to literature,we have observed an 5 1210% incidence of defects afterrhinoplastic procedures