Empagliflozin: a wonder drug in preventing diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular effects

Diabetes, a terrible disease, with highest incidence in world produces many complications which will end up in dreadful situations. Diabetes nephropathy is one of the complications which lead to dialysis, renal replacement. empagliflozin, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors decreases plasma blood glucose level, HbA1C and weight by excreting glucose in urine. It by decreasing HbA1C results in decrease in complications of diabetes due to high blood sugar and fluctuating blood sugars. It decreases the blood pressure, arterial stiffness and vascular resistance. It decreases the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy like hyperglycemia and high blood pressure. It also decreases the diabetes-related glomerular hypertrophy, markers of renal inflammation, as well as mesangial matrix expansion and thus ameliorates the early signs of diabetic nephropathy. The efficacy in decreasing blood glucose levels was confirmed in four randomized placebo controlled studies. The safety concern was seen in studies were urinary and genital tract infections. It thus proves to be an efficient option for diabetes in preventing diabetes nephropathy and cardiovascular effects