Construction and Comparison of Trametes versicolor Laccase Biosensors Capable of Detecting Xenobiotics

Amperometric biosensors using laccase from Trametes versicolor as a bioelement were developed for 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). Laccase enzyme was immobilized by gelatin and glutaraldehyde onto a Clark oxygen probe and screen printed electrodes (SPEs). Amperometric and chronoamperometric measurements were carried out with the biosensors. First, the effect of laccase activity on the biosensor performances was investigated for both biosensors, and then optimum pH and temperature and also thermal stability of the biosensors were tested. In addition, the detection ranges of some phenolic compounds were obtained by the help of calibration graphs of them. In repeatability studies, variation coefficients and standard deviations for both biosensors were also calculated by the studies done for this purposes. Finally, the biosensors were applied to the determination of 2,4-D in a real herbicide sample.TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK); EBILTEM (Ege University Research and Application Center of Science and Technology)Ege University [TBAG-U/052 (102T136), 03 BIL 008]This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) and EBILTEM (Ege University Research and Application Center of Science and Technology) under Research Project numbers TBAG-U/052 (102T136) and 03 BIL 008, respectively. The authors thank the TUBITAK, EBILTEM, and ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Enviroment) for financial support