Mucormicosis asociada a COVID-19: Revisión de la literatura

Introduction: The coronavirus-19 pandemic is a viral infection, which has been advanced to be associated with opportunistic conditions. Among these stands out mucormycosis or also known as "black fungus disease", so named due to the invasion of endothelial cells, thrombosis and tissue necrosis. Objective: was to describe the relevant findings in relation to the, diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19. Methodology is based on secondary research by reviewing literature extracted from databases such as: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, Scopus, SciELO, without language restriction, using MESH keywords. Discussion: The most common types of mucormycosis in the context of COVID-19 were rhino-orbit-cerebral, and pulmonary, although there are also other less common types such as cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal and disseminated. Conclusion: The association between COVID-19 and mucormycosis, due to the presence of various risk factors such as poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, the clinical spectrum of these entities is non-specific, which makes it difficult to diagnose early, given this it is important to multimodal management that prevents delay the start of antifungal treatment. Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, coinfection, mucomorals, SARS Virus.Introducción: La pandemia por coronavirus-19, es una infección viral, que ha ido avanzado para asociarse con afecciones oportunistas. Dentro de estas destaca la mucormicosis o también conocida como “enfermedad del hongo negro”, denominada así debido a la invasión de las células endoteliales, trombosis y necrosis tisular. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos relevantes en relación con la epidemiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mucormicosis asociada a COVID-19. Metodología se basa en la investigación de tipo secundaria mediante la revisión de literatura extraída de bases de datos como: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, Cochrane, IBECS, Scopus, SciELO, sin restricción de idioma, utilizando palabras claves de los MESH. Discusión: Los tipos de mucormicosis más frecuentes en el contexto de COVID-19 fueron la rino-órbito-cerebral, y pulmonar, aunque también existen otros tipos menos habituales como cutánea, gastrointestinal, renal y diseminada. Conclusión: La asociación entre el COVID-19 y la mucormicosis, se debe a la presencia de diversos factores de riesgo como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mal controlada e inmunosupresión, el espectro clínico de estas entidades es inespecífico, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico temprano, ante esto es importante un manejo multimodal que evite el retraso del inicio de tratamiento antimicótico. Palabras claves: COVID-19, Mucormicosis, coinfección, mucorales, Virus del SARS. Abstract Introduction: The coronavirus-19 pandemic is a viral infection, which has been advanced to be associated with opportunistic conditions. Among these stands out mucormycosis or also known as "black fungus disease", so named due to the invasion of endothelial cells, thrombosis and tissue necrosis. Objective: was to describe the relevant findings in relation to the, diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19. Methodology is based on secondary research by reviewing literature extracted from databases such as: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, Scopus, SciELO, without language restriction, using MESH keywords. Discussion: The most common types of mucormycosis in the context of COVID-19 were rhino-orbit-cerebral, and pulmonary, although there are also other less common types such as cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal and disseminated. Conclusion: The association between COVID-19 and mucormycosis, due to the presence of various risk factors such as poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, the clinical spectrum of these entities is non-specific, which makes it difficult to diagnose early, given this it is important to multimodal management that prevents delay the start of antifungal treatment. Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, coinfection, mucomorals, SARS Virus. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de junio de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de agosto de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 11 de agosto de 2022