A flexible self-poled piezocomposite nanogenerator based on H₂(Zr_0.1Ti_0.9)₃O₇ nanowires and polylactic acid biopolymer

The field of piezoelectric nanogenerators is rapidly growing as a promising technology for driving lowpower portable devices and self-powered electronic systems by converting wasted mechanical energy into electric energy. In this study, we designed a flexible and self-poled piezocomposite nanogenerator based on lead-free H 2 (Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9) 3 O 7 (HZTO) nanowires and a polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable polymer. By using a piezoresponse force microscope (PFM), the piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) of a single HZTO nanowire was found to be 26 pm V À1. The piezoelectric energy harvesting performances of a selfpoled piezocomposite film fabricated by embedding core-shell structured HZTO nanowires by polydopamine into the PLA matrix were tested. The piezoelectric nanogenerator demonstrated enhanced output performances (an open-circuit voltage of 5.41 V, short-circuit current of 0.26 mA and maximum power density of 463.5 mW cm À3 at a low resistive load of 2.5 MU). Besides, the developed device can charge different capacitors by regular mechanical impartations and can power a red lightemitting LED diode by various biomechanical motions. This study reveals the benefits of combining HZTO nanowires and PLA biopolymer in designing high-performance piezoelectric nanocomposites for biomechanical energy harvesting