Frequency of bone fractures in polytraumatized patients subjected to whole body computed tomography : Bachelor thesis

Cilj: procijeniti učestalost fraktura kostiju kod politraumatiziranih bolesnika podvrgnutih CT pregledu cijelog tijela (WBCT), utvrditi u kojem dijelu tijela najčešće dolazi do fraktura kostiju te prikazati učestalost fraktura po dobi i spolu ispitanika. Materijali: retrospektivno su prikupljeni i obrađeni podatci 283 bolesnika podvrgnutih CT pregledu cijelog tijela zbog sumnje na politraumu u razdoblju između 01. svibnja 2020. i 01. svibnja 2022. godine na Kliničkom zavodu za radiologiju u KBC-u Rijeka. Analiziranjem 283 nalaza, ustanovljen je broj i učestalost fraktura kostiju te broj ispitanika bez detektirane frakture. Rezultati istraživanja su iskazani brojčano i slikovno. Ispitanici su podijeljeni po spolu i dobi te su određene prosječne dobi muškaraca i žena. Rezultati: od 283 ispitanika, frakture su detektirane kod 223 ili 78,8% pacijenata, dok 60 ili 21,2% ispitanika nije imalo frakturu. Kod 57 ili 20,1% pacijenata zabilježena je samo jedna fraktura, kod 44 ili 15,5% pacijenata zabilježene su dvije, a kod 122 ili 43,1% pacijenata zabilježene su tri ili više fraktura. Najčešće zadobivene frakture bile su frakture rebara kod 138 ili 48,8% pacijenata, slijede frakture kralježaka: lumbalnih kod 56 ili 19,8% pacijenata, torakalnih kod 55 ili 19,4% pacijenata te cervikalnih kod 43 ili 15,2% pacijenata. Najmanje učestala fraktura bila je fraktura sjedne kosti zabilježena kod samo jednog (0,03%) pacijenta. Zaključak: zaključci našeg istraživanja usporedivi su s rezultatima recentne literature po pitanju učestalosti fraktura. CT cijelog tijela u kombinaciji s radiografijom koristi se za detektiranje fraktura kostiju kod politraumatiziranih bolesnika.Aim: to evaluate the frequency of bone fractures in polytraumatized patients undergoing CT examination of the whole body (WBCT), to determine in which part of the body bone fractures most often occur and to show the frequency of fractures by age and gender of the subjects. Materials: the data of 283 patients who underwent CT examination of the whole body due to suspected polytrauma in the period between May 1st, 2020 and May 1st, 2022 on the Clinical institute for radiology in KBC Rijeka was retrospectively collected and processed. By analyzing 283 findings, the number and frequency of bone fractures and the number of patients without fractures were established. The research results are presented numerically and graphically. Patients were divided by gender and age, and the average ages of men and women were determined. Results: out of 283 examinees, fractures were detected in 223 or 78.8% of patients, while 60 or 21.2% of patients didn´t have fractures. One fracture was reported in 57 or 20,1% of patients, two fractures were reported in 44 or 15,5% of patients and three or more fractures were reported in 122 or 43,1% of patients. The most common fractures were rib fractures in 138 or 48,8% of patients, followed by vertebral fractures: lumbar fractures in 56 or 19,8% of patients, thoracic fractures in 55 or 19,4% of patients and cervical fractures in 43 or 15,2% of patients. The rarest fracture was a sciatic fracture recorded in only one patient (0,03%). Conclusion: the findings of our research are comparable to the results of recent literature on the frequency of fracture incidence. Whole body CT in combination with radiography is used for the diagnosis of bone fractures in polytraumatized patients