Gambaran Kepositifan Basil Tahan Asam Pasien Diagnosis Klinis Tuberculosis Paru di Balai Kesehatan Masyarakat Semarang

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Until now, tuberculosis is still a public health problem in the world. Tuberculosis is a dangerous infectious disease, the healing process also takes a long time. Acid-fast bacilli examination is an examination to determine the presence or absence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. The factors that influence Tuberculosis patients are age, gender, education and occupation. The purpose is to knowing the description of AFB positivity in patients with clinical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis at Balkesmas Semarang in 2020. This research was an observational study with descriptive research criteria through a retrospective approach. Results from 656 patients with clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis who underwent acid-fast bacilli examination, 220 patients (33.5%) were found positive and acid-fast bacilli were negative (64.5%). The results of the examination of acid-fast bacilli were positive with a scanty positivity degree of 3 patients (1.4%), acid-fast bacilli (+1) were 71 patients (32.3%), (+2) were 83 patients (37.7%), (+3) as many as 63 patients (28.6%). Based on the category of age 0-14 years as many as 1 patient (0.5%), 15-34 years as many as 78 patients (35.5%), 35-54 years as many as 96 patients (43.6%), 55-74 years as many as 44 patients (20%), 75 years as many as 1 patient (0.5%). Based on gender, there were 123 patients (56%) male and 97 female patients (44%). Conclusion the results of the examination of acid-fast bacilli were positive with a scanty positivity rate of 3 patients (1.4%), acid-fast bacilli (+1) 71 patients (32.3%), (+2) 83 patients (37.7%), (+3) 63 patients (28.5%). Based on gender with positive acid-fast bacilli, there were 123 male patients (56%) while female 97 patients (44%). Age with the most positive acid-fast bacilli results in the range 0–14 years 1 patient (0.5%), 15–34 years 78 patients (35.5%), 35-54 years 96 patients (43.6%), 55 –74 years.Tuberculosis merupakan penyakit infeksi yg ditimbulkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sampai saat ini tuberculosis masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan warga di dunia. Tuberculosis adalah penyakit menular yang berbahaya, proses penyembuhannya pun memakan waktu yang lama. Pemeriksaan basil tahan asam adalah pemeriksaan untuk mengetahui terdapat tidaknya bakteri Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pasien tuberculosis yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan pekerjaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kepositifan basil tahan asam pasien diagnosis klinis tuberculosis paru di Balai kesehatan masyarakat Semarang tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan retrospektif. Dari 656 pasien diagnosis klinis tuberculosis yang melakukan pemeriksaan basil tahan asam di dapati hasil pemeriksaan basil tahan asam positif sebanyak 220 pasien (33,5%) dan basil tahan asam negatif 436 pasien (64,5%). Hasil pemeriksaan basil tahan asam positif dengan derajat kepositifan scanty 3 pasien (1,4%), basil tahan asam (+1) sebanyak 71 pasien (32,3%), (+2) sebanyak 83 pasien (37,7%), (+3) sebanyak 63 pasien (28,6%). Berdasarkan kategosi usia 0-14 tahun sebanyak 1 pasien (0,5%), 15-34 tahun sebanyak 78 pasien (35,5%), 35-54 tahun sebanyak 96 pasien (43,6%), 55-74 tahun sebanyak 44 pasien (20%), 75 tahun sebanyak 1 pasien (0,5%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 123 pasien (56%) dan perempuan sebanyak 97 pasien (44%). Dapat disimpulkan hasil pemeriksaan basil tahan asam positif dengan tingkat kepositifan scanty 3 pasien (1,4%), basil tahan asam (+1) 71 pasien (32,3%), (+2) 83 pasien (37,7%), (+3) 63 pasien (28,5%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin dengan basil tahan asam positif yaitu laki-laki 123 pasien (56%) sedangkan perempuan 97 pasien (44%). Usia dengan hasil basil tahan asam positif terbanyak pada rentang 0–14 tahun 1 pasien (0,5%), 15–34 tahun 78 pasien (35,5%), 35-54 tahun 96 pasien (43,6%), 55–74 tahun 44 pasien (20%), 75 tahun 1 pasien (0,5%).