Longitudinal change in adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Barendse, Marjolein E. A.
- Flannery, Jessica
- Cavanagh, Caitlin
- Aristizabal, Melissa
- Becker, Stephen P.
- Berger, Estelle
- Breaux, Rosanna
- Campione-Barr, Nicole
- Church, Jessica A.
- Crone, Eveline A.
- Dahl, Ronald E.
- Dennis-Tiwary, Tracy A.
- Dvorsky, Melissa R.
- Dziura, Sarah L.
- van de Groep, Suzanne
- Ho, Tiffany C.
- Killoren, Sarah E.
- Langberg, Joshua M.
- Larguinho, Tyler L.
- Magis-Weinberg, Lucia
- Michalska, Kalina J.
- Mullins, Jordan L.
- Nadel, Hanna
- Porter, Blaire M.
- Prinstein, Mitchell J.
- Redcay, Elizabeth
- Rose, Amanda J.
- Rote, Wendy M.
- Roy, Amy K.
- Sweijen, Sophie W.
- Telzer, Eva H.
- Teresi, Giana I.
- Thomas, April Gile
- Pfeifer, Jennifer H.
DOIAbstract
This study aimed to examine changes in depression and anxiety symptoms from before to during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of 1,339 adolescents (9–18 years old, 59% female) from three countries. We also examined if age, race/ethnicity, disease burden, or strictness of government restrictions moderated change in symptoms. Data from 12 longitudinal studies (10 U.S., 1 Netherlands, 1 Peru) were combined. Linear mixed effect models showed that depression, but not anxiety, symptoms increased significantly (median increase = 28%). The most negative mental health impacts were reported by multiracial adolescents and those under ‘lockdown’ restrictions. Policy makers need to consider these impacts by investing in ways to su...
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