Resampling Methods Revisited: Advancing The Understanding And Applications In Educational Research

Resampling methods including randomization test, cross-validation, the jackknife and the bootstrap are widely employed in the research areas of natural science, engineering and medicine, but they lack appreciation in educational research. The purpose of the present review is to revisit and highlight the key principles and developments of resampling methods to advance the understanding and applications of resampling methods in educational research. The present review also intends to provide resources for educational researchers to identify specific resampling methods that may be unitized to solve research problems in education. The procedures of each resampling technique are illustrated by empirical examples. The recent developments and further directions of resampling methods are also discussed