Aging And Driving Ii: Implications Of Cognitive Changes

In this paper, we review and discuss a number of age-related changes in cognitive capabilities and their implications on driving performance and safety. Previous research has shown that older drivers can exhibit performance degradation and a reduction in safety margin because of the relative decline in sensory/perceptual, cognitive abilities, as well as the slowing in motor response. We begin by reviewing and evaluating extant theories of cognitive change and the mechanisms that underlie such variation. Then we examine how these changes are manifested and influenced by advancing age. Third, we examine the impact of these age-related cognitive changes on driver performance. Finally, we outline the importance of these findings for intelligent transportation systems design, driver distraction and driver workload, and ultimately transportation safety in an aging society