Fractal Two-Dimensional Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structures

Fractal two-dimensional Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) materials are proposed and studied by means of a full-wave method developed for diffraction gratings. Such a technique allows us to characterize, in a rapidly convergent way, the transmission and reflection properties of periodic fractal structures with an arbitrary geometry in the unit cell. Both polarization cases can be treated. In particular, two different fractal EBG materials are considered. Numerical results are reported for the transmission efficiency as a function of the frequency. Typical effects due to the fractal geometry are observed, like multi-band behavior and enlargement of stop-bands