The Italian approach to improving energy efficiency: the White Certificates Scheme

Abstract: Recent International and EU energy policies are committed to new and more widespread renewable energy sources as well as to energy saving and energy efficiency. Initiatives have been launched in several countries and different tools implemented to improve technological, economic and environmental performance in the energy chain. In Italy, legislation deregulating the electricity and gas sectors has introduced the White Certificates trading mechanism to promote, on the one hand, energy efficiency investments and, on the other hand, the growth of an energy services market. The paper analyses, from a comparative perspective, Italy’s commitment to EU energy policies focused on creating a competitive internal energy market offering quality service at low prices, developing renewable energy sources, reducing dependence on imported fuels and implementing energy efficiency tools, safeguarding the environment. The strengths and limits of the Italian White Certificates mechanism will be examined, considering its i portance as a market-based tool in national energy policy. The recent implementation of the system sets specific obligations and responsibilities on the part of operators in the energy distribution sector, but above all, launches new challenges endorsing more responsible consumption models promoting sustainability in the energy sector. Keywords: energy policy, energy efficiency, White Certificates scheme