Crude oil washing and inert gas system with review Almi Hercules

Pranje tankova sirovom naftom je radnja koja se obavlja pri završetku iskrcaja tereta. Primjenjuje se na brodovima za prijevoz sirove nafte. Tlak prilikom pranja mora biti između 10-12 bara, te viskozitet tereta mora biti povoljan za pranje kako bi pranje bilo efikasno. Inertiranje i pranje tankova su povezani procesi koji se obavljaju paralelno zbog opasnosti od eksplozije. Inertiranje se započinje prilikom iskrcaja tereta, a dobiva se iz kotlova gorenja. Cilj inerta je da se kisik suzbije na minimalne vrijednosti koja prema SOLAS konvenciji iznosi unutar 5% dok je u praksi između 2-3% kisika. Sustav inertnog plina je povezan sa uređajima kao što su: palubna brtva, tlačni/vakumski ventil, tlačni/vakumski prekidač, glavni odušni stup. Rad je pisan sa osvrtom na brod Almi Hercules.Crude oil washing is an action that is performed at the end of cargo unloading. It is used on ships for the transportation of crude oil. The pressure during washing must be between 10-12 bars, and the viscosity of the cargo must be favorable for washing in order for it to be effective. Inerting and tank washing are related processes that take place in parallel due to the risk of explosion. Inerting is started when the cargo begins to unload, and it is obtained from the combustion boilers. The goal of inerting is to suppress oxygen to minimum values, which according to the SOLAS convention are within 5%, while in practice it is between 2-3% oxygen. The inert gas system is connected to devices such as: deck seal, pressure/vacuum valve, pressure/vacuum breaker and mast riser. The paper was written with reference to the ship Alma Hercules