Urinary incontinence in woman during pregnancy

UVOD: Urinarnu inkontinenciju Međunarodno društvo za inkontinenciju trenutno definira kao pritužbu na svako nehotimično istjecanje urina. Tijekom trudnoće dolazi do brojnih promjena u funkciji dna zdjelice što posljedično može dovesti do urinarne inkontinencije. CILJ: Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati pojavnost urinarne inkontinencije prije i tijekom trudnoće te informiranost trudnica o pojavi urinarne inkontinencije. MATERIJALI I METODE: U istraživanju od 01. ožujka do 1. travnja 2022. godine sudjelovalo je 249 trudnica s područja Republike Hrvatske. Istraživanje se provelo online putem strukturiranog upitnika. REZULTATI: Većina poteškoća s mokrenjem (učestalost mokrenja, nikturija, hematurija, dizurija, poteškoće u početku ili tijekom mokrenja) kao i prisutnost inkontinencije urina kod ispitanica bili su znatno češći tijekom trudnoće u odnosu na razdoblje prije trudnoće. Pojavnost nevoljnog istjecanja urina češća je tijekom trudnoće za ukupno 40,1% u odnosu na vrijeme prije trudnoće. Urinarna inkontinencija se pojavljuje kod ukupno 68,3% ispitanica tijekom trudnoće. Uočava se porast utjecaja nevoljnog istjecanja urina na svakodnevni život za 41,4%, odnosno kod 103 ispitanice je zabilježeno kako nevoljno istjecanje urina tijekom trudnoće u većoj mjeri utječe na njihov svakodnevni život, s obzirom na vrijeme prije trudnoće. Informiranost od strane ginekologa iznosi 41% (n=103), a od strane primalje 18% (n=45). Od ukupno 104 trudnice kojima je pružena pomoć zbog pojavnosti inkontinencije, njih 42 (40,4%) navode da pružena pomoć nije bila učinkovita, točnije. ZAKLJUČAK: Ovo istraživanje potvrđuje visoku pojavnost urinarne inkontinencije kod žena tijekom trudnoće na području Republike Hrvatske, koja posljedično utječe na njihov svakodnevni život. Rezultati ukazuju kako pružena pomoć koja je vezana uz nevoljno istjecanja urina za većinu trudnica nije bila učinkovita.INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence is currently defined by the International Incontinence Society as a complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine. During pregnancy, there are many changes in the function of the pelvic floor, which in turn can lead to urinary incontinence. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of urinary incontinence before and during pregnancy and how well pregnant women are informed about the occurrence of urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pregnant women from the territory of the Republic of Croatia were included in the research, and a total of 249 pregnant women participated in the research in the period from 1 March to 1 April 2022 via an online questionnaire. RESULTS: Most difficulty urinating (frequency of urination, nocturia, hematuria, dysuria, difficulty in starting or during urination) as well as the presence of urinary incontinence in the subjects were significantly more common during pregnancy compared to the period before pregnancy. The incidence of involuntary leakage of urine increases during pregnancy by a total of 40.1% compared to the time before pregnancy. The table shows an increase in the impact of involuntary leakage of urine on daily life by 41.4%. In other words, in 103 figures, involuntary leakage of urine during pregnancy affected them to a greater extent, compared to the time before pregnancy. Awareness by gynecologists is 41% (n = 103) and by midwives 18% (n = 45). Out of a total of 104 pregnant women who received help, the results indicate that the help provided to most pregnant women was not effective, more precisely to 42 (40.4%) pregnant women. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the high incidence of urinary incontinence in women during pregnancy in the Republic of Croatia, which consequently affects their daily lives. The results indicate that the assistance provided related to involuntary leakage of urine was not effective for most pregnant women