PHYSIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE HIP

Osteoartritis je bolest koja zahvaća sve strukture zgloba – hrskavicu, subhondralnu kost, kapsulu zgloba, sinoviju. Dijagnosticirani osteoartritis kuka (OA) jedno je od najčešćih i onesposobljavajućih stanja koja pogađa starije osobe. Bolest kao takva s različitim skupom čimbenika rizika ima višefaktorsku etiologiju (na razini osobe i na zglobovima) koji djeluju zajedno da uzrokuju pojavu OA u bilo koje pojedine osobe. Dijagnoza osteoartritisa kuka postavlja se na temelju anamneze te fizikalnog pregleda. Osteoartitis kuka može se dijagnosticirati kod pacijenata koji imaju tipične značajke, kao što su bol prilikom čučnja u stražnjem dijelu kuka, smanjeni raspon pokreta zahvaćenog kuka ili bol u preponama pri abdukciji ili adukciji. Također, može se i dijagnosticirati uz pomoć testova od strane fizioterapeuta, bez upotrebe rendgena i bez nepotrebnog izlaganja pacijenta zračenju. Jedan od primarnih ciljeva u dijagnostičkoj procjeni pacijenata s bolovima u kuku je identificiranje i ispravljanje patologija koje bi mogle napredovati do osteoartritisa. Vodeći simptom kod OA kuka jest bol. Sveobuhvatni plan liječenja OA kod pojedinog pacijenta može uključivati obrazovne, bihevioralne, psihosocijalne i fizičke intervencije, kao i topikalne, oralne i intraartikularne lijekove. Preporuke pretpostavljaju odgovarajuću primjenu fizičke, psihološke i/ili farmakološke terapije od strane odgovarajućeg pružatelja.Osteoarthritis is a disease that affects all structures of the joint - cartilage, subchondral bone, joint capsule, synovium. Diagnosed osteoarthritis of the hip (OA) is one of the most common and disabling conditions affecting the elderly. The disease as such with a different set of risk factors has a multifactorial etiology (at the level of individuals and at the joints) that work together to cause the occurrence of OA in any individual. The diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the hip is made on the basis of anamnesis and physical examination. Hip osteoarthritis can be diagnosed in patients who have typical features, such as pain during squats in the back of the hip, reduced range of motion of the affected hip, or groin pain on abduction or adduction. It can also be diagnosed with the help of tests by a physiotherapist, without the use of X-rays and without unnecessary exposure of the patient to radiation. One of the primary goals in the diagnostic assessment of patients with hip pain is to identify and manage pathology that could progress to osteoarthritis. The leading symptom in hip OA is pain. A comprehensive OA treatment plan for an individual patient may include educational, behavioral, psychosocial, and physical interventions, as well as topical, oral, and intraarticular medications. The recommendations presuppose the appropriate application of physical, psychological and/or pharmacological therapy by the appropiate provider