The role of tumor markers in the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of patients with testicles tumor

Tumori testisa novotvorine su koje se dijele na benigne i maligne, s vrhuncem pojavljivanja u mlađoj životnoj dobi. Etiologija tumora testisa nije u potpunosti dokazana, iako je dosad utvrđeno nekoliko čimbenika rizika za nastanak ovih tumora. Prezentirajući se najčešće kao bezbolna masa u skrotumu, tumori testisa dijagnosticiraju se na temelju anamneze i fizikalnog pregleda nadopunjenog sa slikovnim dijagnostičkim metodama te mjerenjem koncentracije tumorskih markera u serumu. Osnova liječenja je kirurško odstranjenje testisa (orhidektomija) uz patohistološku analizu tumora te po potrebi radioterapija i kemoterapija. Nakon provedenog liječenja svakog je bolesnika potrebno pratiti minimalno 5 godina i kontinuirano mjeriti razine tumorskih markera u serumu, a po potrebi koristiti i slikovne dijagnostičke metode kako bi se na vrijeme otkrila i dalje postojeća bolest ili recidiv bolesti.Testicular tumors are neoplasms that are divided into benign and malignant, with a peak incidence at a younger age. The etiology of testicular tumors has not been fully proven, but several risk factors for the development of these tumors have been identified. Most oftenly presented as a painless swelling in the scrotum, testicular tumors are diagnosed based on anamnesis and physical examination supplemented with imaging diagnostic methods and tumor marker levels in the serum. Basic treatment is surgical removal of the testicles (orchiectomy) with pathohistological analysis of the tumor and, if necessary, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. After treatment, each patient should be monitored for a minimum of 5 years with continuous measurement of serum tumor marker levels, and if necessary, use diagnostic diagnostic methods to detect residual disease or disease recurrence