PRE-ROMANESQUE SACRAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE KOLOČEP ISLAND

Koločep, smješten u neposrednoj blizini Dubrovnika, iako proporcijama izrazito malen te stanovništvom malobrojan otok, bogat je predromaničkom sakralnom arhitekturom. Ta arhitektura očituje se u čak šest primjera, u ruševinama crkava sv. Frana u Jekavcu, sv. Barbare u Borju, sv. Srđa u Bigama i sv. Mihajla u Donjem Čelu, obnovljenoj crkvi sv. Nikole na groblju te u potpunosti očuvanoj crkvi sv. Antuna Padovanskog u Gornjem Čelu. Radi se o jednobrodnim crkvama malih dimenzija. Njihov brod ima trotravejnu podjelu te se nad njihovim središnjim travejem izdiže kupolica upisana u kubus. Korpus ovih crkvica, na istočnoj strani, završava polukružnom apsidom upisanom u pravokutno tijelo. Na temelju tih arhitektonskih obilježja koločepske se crkvice ubrajaju u južnodalmatinski jednobrodni kupolni tip. Prvi dio ovog završnog rada donosi temeljite preglede arhitektonskih obilježja, liturgijskih instalacija, predloženih datacija te titulara ovih crkvica u obliku kataloga, dok se u drugom dijelu iznose općenita obilježja crkava južnodalmatinskog jednobrodnog kupolnog tipa te se na temelju njih pokušava potvrditi ili pak predložiti pripadnost koločepskih primjeraka ovoj tipologiji. Cilj ovog rada je, kroz iscrpni pregled obilježja koločepskih predromaničkih crkava, naglasiti važnost njihovog očuvanja, ali i daljnjih istraživanja, kako se određena saznanja o njima ne bi temeljila isključivo na pretpostavkama.Koločep, situated in immediate proximity of Dubrovnik, although small in proportion and low in population, is an island that is highly abundant with examples of the pre-Romanesque architecture. That architectural style is illustrated by six examples. The ruins of churches of Saint Frano in Jekavac, Saint Barbara in Borje, Saint Srđ in Bige and Saint Mihajlo in Donje Čelo. As well as the reconstructed church of Saint Nikola on the island's graveyard and by the completely preserved church od Saint Antun Padovanski in Gornje Čelo. These single-naval churches are of smaller proportions. Their nave is divided in three parts with a dome situated inside a cuboid structure rising above the middle one. The nave on the eastern side of these churches ends in a semicircular apse, framed by a rectangular structure. Based on these architectural characteristics, churches of Koločep are included in the southdalmatian singlenaval domed church typology. The first part of this paper presents a thorough review of architectural characteristics, liturgical installations, suggested dating and names of these churches in form of a catalogue, while the second part focuses on general characteristics of churches that are a part of southdalmatian single-naval domed typology. These criteria are used to try and confirm, or even suggest, the appurtenance of the Koločep's churches to this typology. The goal of this paper is to emphasize, through exhaustive reviews of the characteristics of Koločep island's pre-Romanesque churches, the importance of conservation and also of further research, so that certain facts about them would not be based entirely on assumption