Financing public health in the Republic of Croatia

U Republici Hrvatskoj postoje različite mjere koje reguliraju provođenje zdravstvene zaštite. Mjere koje su stvorile uvjete za provođenje zdravstvene zaštite su mjere gospodarske i socijalne politike. Mjere kojima se potaklo razvijanje zdravih životnih navika su mjere porezne i gospodarske politike. Ustav Republike Hrvatske nam jamči pravo na zdravstvenu zaštitu i život. U svakoj zemlji zdravstveni sustav može biti različito organiziran i imati drugačije postavljene prioritete. Postoje 4 glavna modela financiranja javnog zdravstva među kojima možemo istaknuti Bismarckov model, Beveridgeov model, Socijaldemokratski model i Model južnoeuropske socijalne države. Svaki od navedenih modela ima svoje prednosti i svoje nedostatke. U Hrvatskoj je zastupljen Bismarckov model. Također postoje 3 zakona koja reguliraju općenito problematiku financiranja javnog zdravstva u Republici Hrvatskoj, a to su: Zakon o zdravstvenoj zaštiti, Zakon o obveznom zdravstvenom osiguranju i Zakon o dobrovoljnom zdravstvenom osiguranju. Potrebno je postići načelo vodoravne i okomite pravednosti u prikupljanju i trošenju novca za zdravstvene usluge. Solidarnost je također bitna karakteristika u zdravstvu. Zdravstvo koje nema u sebi vrlinu solidarnosti je zapravo nedovršeno zdravstvo. Načelo društvene odgovornosti odnosno oblika solidarnosti postiže se ulaganjem u podizanje općenito kvalitetu života. Time se mogu povezati svi oni koji se brinu za društvo.There are various measures in the Republic of Croatia that regulate the implementation of health care. The measures that have created the conditions for the implementation of health care are economic and social policy measures. Measures to encourage the development of healthy living habits are measures of tax and economic policy. The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia guarantees us the right to health care and life. In each country, the health system may be differently organized and have different priorities. There are 4 main models of public health financing, among which we can highlight the Bismarck model, the Beveridge model, the Social Democratic model and the Southern European welfare state model. Each of these models has its advantages and disadvantages. The Bismarck model is represented in Croatia. There are also 3 laws that regulate the general issue of financing public health in the Republic of Croatia, and they are: the Health Care Act, the Compulsory Health Insurance Act and the Voluntary Health Insurance Act. The principle of horizontal and vertical equity in collecting and spending money on health services needs to be achieved. Solidarity is also an essential feature in healthcare. Healthcare that does not have the virtue of solidarity in it is actually unfinished healthcare. The principle of social responsibility or forms of solidarity is achieved by investing in raising the general quality of life. This can connect all those who care about society