Italian ryegrass annual yield and its distribution (Lolium italicum L.)

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je prikazati godišnju proizvodnju zelene mase i suhe tvari talijanskog ljulja (Lolium italicum L.), i prikazati distribuciju prinosa na pojedine otkose. Istraživanje je provedeno u vidu poljskog pokusa na fakultetskom pokušalištu pokraj Tenje. Sjetva je obavljena 27. rujna 2021. godine sa 20 g sjemena po parceli površine od 6 m2, što je odgovaralo sjetenoj normi od 33,3 kg/ha. Prinosi su mjereni u četiri roka košnje: 03. svibnja 2022., 08. lipnja 2022., 13. srpnja 2022. i 07. rujna 2022. Ukupni ostvareni prinos svježe zelene mase na kraju pokusa iznosio je 32.518 kg/ha, a suhe tvari 6.422 kg/ha. Najprinosniji je bio drugi otkos, nako kojega je po prinosu slijedio prvi otkos, pa treći otkos. Zadnji (rujanski) otkos je dao nemjerljivu količinu prinosa, a većina biljaka je vizualno izgledale mrtva, potpuno suha, vjerojatno zbog jake ljetne suše. Ukupni godišnji prinos talijanskog ljulja u ovom je istraživanju bio značajno manji od prinosa prethodnih istraživača, najvjerojatnije zbog izražene suše tijekom vegetacije ljulja. Neobično nizak prinos prvoga otkosa, koji se oporavio u drugom otkosu, može se pripisati rijetkom sklopu ljulja nakon prezimljenja, koji se poboljšao nabusavanjem do tvorbe prinosa drugog porasta.The aim of this research was to show the annual production of green mass and dry matter of Italian ryegrass (Lolium italicum L.), and to show the distribution of total annuaal yield into individal cuts taken during the vegetation period. The research was conducted in the form of a field experiment at the institution's test site near Tenja village. Sowing was done on September 27th, 2021. year with 20 g of seed per plot of 6 m2, what corresponded to the seeding norm of 33.3 kg/ha. We carried out 4 mowings: May 3rd 2022, June 8th 2022, July 13th 2022. and September 7th 2022. The total achieved yield of fresh green mass at the end of the experiment was 32,518 kg/ha, and of dry matter 6,422 kg/ha. The most yielding was the second swath, after which the first swath followed in terms of yield, then the third swath. The last (September) cut produced an immeasurable amount of yield, and most of the plants visually looked dead, completely dry, probably due to the severe summer drought. The total annual yield of Italian ryegrass in this study was significantly lower than the yield of previous researchers, most likely due to severe drought during the growing season of ryegrass. The unusually low yield of the first cut, which recovered in the second cut, can be attributed to the thin stand of ryegrass after overwintering, which was improved by tillering until the yield of the second crop was formed