Study of the application of selected solvents in the preparation of alternative acid-base indicators

U kemiji se otapala gotovo uvijek koriste bilo kao medij u kojem se odvija reakcija ili kao sam sudionik reakcije. Otapala vrlo često služe i za ekstrakciju biljnih pigmenata poput antocijanina. Takvi pigmenti u različitim pH sredinama pokazuju širok spektar boja poput crvene, ružičaste, ljubičaste, plave, žute, zelene pa čak i sive. Upravo to omogućuje uporabu biljnih materijala bogatih antocijaninima i polifenolima kao alternativnih kiselo-baznih indikatora. Cilj rada bio je istražiti uporabu odabranih otapala u pripremi alternativnih kiselo-baznih indikatora. Biljni materijali koji su se koristili bili su svježi, suhi i voćne prerađevine. Voćne prerađevine koje su se koristile sadržavale su najveći mogući sadržaj odabranog biljnog materijala, bez dodanog drugog voća, umjetnih bojila i drugih potencijalih kiselo-baznih indikatora. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju vrlo visok potencijal korištenja određenih otapala u pripremi alternativnih kiselo-baznih indikatora. Biljni materijali koji su se vizualno najbolje istakli su aronija, crna malina, crni ribiz, crni dud i borovnica.In chemistry, solvents are frequently used either as a medium for the reaction or as a participant in the reaction itself. Solvents are often used to extract plant pigments such as anthocyanins. These pigments in different pH environments show a wide range of colors such as red, pink, purple, blue, yellow, green and even gray. This is precisely what makes plant material rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols appropriate to be used as alternative acid-base indicators. The aim of this thesis was to explore the use of selected solvents in the preparation of alternative acid-base indicators. Used plant materials were fresh, dry and fruit products. Used fruit products contained the highest possible content of selected plant material, without other fruits, artificial colors or other potential acid-base indicators. The research results show a very high potential of using certain solvents in the preparation of alternative acid-base indicators. The plant materials that visually stand out the best are chokeberries, black raspberries, blackcurrants, black mulberries and blueberries