Gender discrimination and the economic position of women in the labor market

Diskriminacija je pojam s kojim se u životu svakodnevno susrećemo. Upravo zato je važno intervenirati i svesti diskriminaciju na najmanju moguću mjeru. To se postiže donošenjem zakona na nacionalnoj razini, ali i donošenjem dokumenata i konvencija na međunarodnoj razini. Osim toga, važno nam je osvještavanje načela jednakosti kao jednog, danas, temeljnog načela. Diskriminacija temeljem spola najizraženija je u radnom pravu. Vidljiva je, no slabo prepoznata tijekom samog procesa zapošljavanja, ali i kasnije kroz rad i uvjete napredovanja te pitanje o plaćama žena i muškaraca. Žene, koje su se relativno kasno pridružile plaćenom radu, suočavale su se s raznim stereotipima i predrasudama o njihovim znanjima i sposobnostima, a sve to kao posljedica tradicionalnog razmišljanja. Ovim radom je obuhvaćena i prikazana kratka povijest borbe za prava žena te mijenjanje njihove društvene uloge, kao i njihove ekonomske aktivnosti, odnosno ulazak na tržište rada. Ukratko je izložena zaštita prava žena kroz nacionalne zakone. Uz to, prikazani su primjeri diskriminacije žena prilikom zapošljavanja i rada (otežano zapošljavanje žena, niže plaće - jaz u plaćama, segregacija zanimanja po spolu, napredovanje na poslu i efekt staklenog stropa).Discrimination is a concept that we encounter every day in our lives. That is precisely why it is important to intervene and reduce discrimination to the minimum possible. This is achieved by passing laws at the national level, but also by passing documents and conventions at the international level. In addition, it is important for us to raise awareness of the principle of equality as a fundamental principle today. Discrimination based on gender is most pronounced in labor law. It is visible, but poorly recognized through the employment process itself, but also later, in the work itself, then through the conditions of advancement and issues of salaries for women and men. Women, who joined paid work relatively late, faced various stereotypes and prejudices about their knowledge and abilities, all as a result of traditional thinking. This thesis includes and presents a brief history of the struggle for women's rights and the changing of their social role, as well as their economic activities, i.e. entering the labor market. The protection of women's rights through national laws is briefly presented. In addition, examples of discrimination against women during employment and work are presented (difficult employment of women, lower wages - wage gap, segregation of occupations by gender, advancement at work and the glass ceiling effect)