ANALYSIS OF PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID CRISIS IN EU

Razdoblje COVID krize dovelo je do velikih promjena u ekonomiji uključujući tržište platnih usluga i platne transakcije. Procedura i koncept načina plaćanja se promijenio te je izrazito utjecalo na potrošače i poslovne subjekte. Plaćanje karticom uz interno i mobilno bankarstvo zamijenilo je gotovinsko plaćanje zbog epidemioloških mjera koje su vladale u razdoblju COVID krize. Iako se prije COVID krize digitalni način plaćanja počeo kontinuirano koristiti kroz godine, ipak se kroz razdoblje COVID krize drastično povećao. COVID kriza imala je utjecaj na potrošače i poslovne subjekte jer navike koje su imali prije COVID-19 su se promijenile tijekom COVID krize, no i dalje su ostale čim su epidemiološke mjere popustile što pokazuje jačanje digitalnog plaćanja. Važne platne transakcije koje su se statistički pratile prije i u vrijeme COVID krize za potrošače i poslovne subjekte su trajni nalozi, kreditni transferi, izravna terećenja i novčane pošiljke. Uz broj transakcija pratila se i vrijednost transakcija. Uz digitalni način plaćanja potrošači i poslovni subjekti mogli su od doma izvršiti uplate te je na taj način COVID kriza omogućila jednostavnije plaćanje. Uz prednosti COVID krize, javljaju se i nedostaci. Potrošači i poslovni subjekti susretali su se s prevarama kao što je npr. lažna dugovanja, nepotpune točnosti proizvoda prilikom naručivanja online.The period of the COVID crisis has led to major changes in the economy, including the market for payment services and payment transactions. The procedure and concept of payment method has changed and has had a significant impact on consumers and business entities. Cash payments were replaced by card payments along with internal and mobile banking due to the epidemiological measures that prevailed during the period of the COVID crisis. Although, before the COVID crisis the digital payment method began to be used continuously over the years, it nevertheless increased drastically during the period of the COVID crisis. The COVID crisis had an impact on consumers and businesses because the habits they had before COVID-19 changed during the COVID crisis, but they still remained as soon as the epidemiological measures eased, which shows the growing of digital payments. Important payment transactions that were statistically monitored before and during the COVID crisis for consumers and business entities are standing orders, credit transfers, direct debits and remittances. In addition to the number of transactions, the value of the transactions was also monitored. With the digital payment method, consumers and business entities could make payments from home, and in this way the COVID crisis enabled easier payment. Along with the advantages of the COVID crisis, there are also disadvantages. Consumers and business entities encountered fraud such as false debts, incomplete accuracy of products when they were ordering online