COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF COMPANIES FROM FOOD PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Svrha ovog rada je analiza financijskih izvještaja sektora proizvodnje hrane i pića kao jedne najznačajnije grana prerađivačke industrije u Hrvatskoj. Ova industrija je izabrana iz razloga što ostvaruje najveći udio u bruto domaćem proizvodu i ukupnoj zaposlenosti. Analiza je provedena na temelju tri vodeća poduzeća po veličini ostvarenih prihoda u razdoblju od 2015. godine do danas u industriji proizvodnje hrane, a to su Vindija d.d., Podravka d.d. i Dukat d.d. Ukupna aktiva/pasiva poduzeća Vindija su u 2018. i 2020. bilježile pad u odnosu na prethodne godine. Podravka i Dukat u 2019. i 2020. bilježi rast ukupne aktive/pasive u odnosu na prethodne godine. u cjelokupnom promatranom razdoblju poduzeća su bilježila rast i prihoda i rashoda. Promatrajući strukturu bilance poduzeća vidljivo je da u svim poduzećima dugotrajna imovina činila najveći udio ukupne aktive. U pasivi poduzeća kod Podravke i Dukata prevladavale su kapital i rezerve, dok su kod poduzeća Vindija najzastupljenije kratkoročne obveze. Unutar ukupnih prihoda i rashoda poduzeća Vindija i Podravka prevladavaju poslovni prihodi, odnosno rashodi. Usporedbom financijskih pokazatelja zaključeno je da je poduzeće Vindija najmanje likvidno dok je Dukat najlikvidnije poduzeće. Podravka ima daleko najviše raspoložive imovine u odnosu na ukupne obveze s blagim trendom pada koeficijenta. Zaduženost poduzeća Vindija i Dukat je gotovo konstantna sve promatrane godine.Purpose of this paper is to analyze the financial statements of food and beverage manufacturers as one of the most important branches of the processing industry in Croatia. This industry was chosen because it has the largest share in gross domestic product and total employment out of all other industies. The analysis was conducted on the basis of three leading companies in terms of revenue in the period from 2015 to date in the food production industry, namely Vindija d.d., Podravka d.d. and Dukat d.d. The total assets / liabilities and equity of Vindija in 2018 and 2020 decreased compared to previous years. In 2019 and 2020, Podravka and Dukat recorded an increase in total assets / liabilities and equity. Throughout the observed period, all of the companies recorded growth in both revenues and expenditures. Observing the structure of the company's balance sheet, it can be seen that in all companies fixed assets accounted for the largest share of total assets. In the liabilities of the company, Podravka and Dukat were dominated by capital and reserves, while in Vindija, short-term liabilities are the most common. Within the total revenues and expenses operating revenues and expensesare are most prevalent in Vindija and Podravka. Comparing the financial indicators, it was concluded that the company Vindija has the lowest liquidity ratio while Dukat has the highest. Podravka has by far the most available assets in relation to total liabilities with a slight downward trend in the ratio. The leverage ratio of Vindija and Dukat is almost constant all the observed years