The council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence and its implementation in the Republic of Croatia

Nasilje nad ženama, uključujući obiteljsko nasilje, povreda je ljudskih prava i globalna pojava koje je duboko ukorijenjena u povijesnoj nejednakosti između muškaraca i žena, odnosno oblik je rodno utemeljene diskriminacije. Ono, kao sustavni problem, oduzima ženama pravo na ravnopravno uživanje temeljnih ljudskih prava i sloboda te se pojavljuje u mnogim oblicima i područjima ženina života: kao seksualno, obiteljsko, psihološko i ekonomsko nasilje; nasilje na poslu, kod kuće i u javnosti. Već se desetljećima na ovom području vodi pravna i društvena bitka koje je dovela do određene razine napretka. No, usprkos značajnim naporima, nasilje je nad ženama u svim svojim oblicima pojava koja je široko rasprostranjena na svim razinama društva – kako Europe tako i svijeta. Nijedan pravni instrument nije doveo zaštitu na dovoljnu razinu - nije dovoljno široko, detaljno i sistematično pristupio problemu nasilja nad ženama. Prepoznavši to, Vijeće Europe je Konvencijom o sprečavanju i borbi protiv nasilja nad ženama i nasilja u obitelji aktualiziralo navedenu temu pristupivši problemu nasilja kao rodno utemeljenim, tako stvorivši jedan od najcjelovitijih, najprogresivnijih i najambicioznijih instrumenata iz područja zaštite ljudskih prava – ''zlatni standard'' zaštite prava žena. U ovom radu obrađuje se nastanak, sadržaj, cilj i dodane vrijednosti Konvencije te stanje njezine implementacije u Republici Hrvatskoj. Također, u radu su iscrpnije obrađeni problemi i navodi javnog diskursa vođenog na temu velikog kamena spoticanja na putu do njene ratifikacije od strane svih država potpisnica Istanbulske konvencije – krive pretpostavke o njenoj samoj namjeri i sporna definicija ''roda'' kao glavni temelj otpora Konvenciji. Ideološka, a ne toliko pravna, razilaženja lijevih i desnih političkih struja - problem (ne)postojanja agende, tj. uvođenja tzv. ''rodne ideologije''.SAŽETAK NA ENGLESKOM: Violence against women, including domestic violence, is a violation of human rights and a global phenomenon that is deeply rooted in the historical inequality between men and women, that is, it is a form of gender-based discrimination. It, as a systemic problem, deprives women of the right to equal enjoyment of fundamental human rights and freedoms and appears in many forms and areas of women's lives: as sexual, psychological, economic and domestic violence; violence at work, at home and in public. For decades, there has been a legal and social battle in this area that has led to a certain level of progress. However, despite significant efforts, violence against women in all its forms is a phenomenon that is widespread at all levels of society - both in Europe and in the world. No legal instrument has brought protection to a sufficient level - it has not approached the problem of violence against women in a sufficiently broad, detailed and systematic manner. Recognizing this, the Council of Europe, with the Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, updated the mentioned topic by approaching the problem of violence as gender-based, thus creating one of the most comprehensive, progressive and ambitious instruments in the field of human rights protection - the "gold standard" of the protection of women's rights. This paper deals with the origin, content, goal and added values of the Convention and the state of its implementation in the Republic of Croatia. Also, in the paper, the problems and statements of the public discourse conducted on the topic of a major stumbling block on the way to its ratification by all signatory states of the Istanbul Convention are dealt with in more detail - wrong assumptions about its very intention and the disputed definition of "gender" as the main basis of resistance to the Convention. Ideological more so than legal divergence of left and right political currents - the problem of the (non)existence of an agenda, i.e. the introduction of the so-called "gender ideology"